The donote function in readelf.c in file through 5.20, as used in the Fileinfo component in PHP 5.4.34, does not ensure that sufficient note headers are present, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file.
The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.