In Matter (aka connectedhomeip or Project CHIP) through 1.4.0.0 before e3277eb, unlimited user label appends in a userlabel cluster can lead to a denial of service (resource exhaustion).
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated, in violation of the intended security policy for that actor.